Cognac is an appellation d’origine contrôlée (AOC) brandy (eaux-de-vie distilled from grapes) that comes from vineyards in the Cognac region (south-west France). The appellation covers six crus: Grande Champagne, Petite Champagne, Borderies, Fins Bois, Bons Bois and Bois Ordinaires. "Fine Champagne", which refers to a cognac made exclusively from the first two crus, Grande Champagne (at least 50%) and Petite Champagne make up a separate appellation d’origine contrôlée within the Cognac AOC.
Rémy Martin only selects its eaux-de-vie from the "Fine Champagne" (Grande Champagne and Petite Champagne) AOC, whose quality is best suited to the production of its superior quality cognacs with their longer ageing potential.
Cognac is a blend of eaux-de-vie of different vintages (after ageing in oak barrels). Accordingly, there are several quality levels classified in accordance with legal standards (BNIC) based on the youngest eau-de-vie used:
- VS ("Very Special"), which by law must be aged for a minimum of two years;
- QS ("Qualité Supérieure"), covering all the VSOP and QSS labels;
- VSOP ("Very Superior Old Pale"), which by law must be aged for a minimum of four years;
- QSS ("Qualité Supérieure Supérieure"), which by law must be aged for a minimum of ten years;
- XO ("Extra Old"), which is included in the QSS category.